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The terminal voltage of the battery, whose emf is 10 V and internal resistance 1 Ω, when connected through an external resistance of 4 Ω as shown in the figure is:

Asked in NEET 2024 · Terminal voltage and internal resistance

Figure: Terminal voltage and internal resistance
Answer: (1) 8 V

Step-by-step solution

Current: I=E/(R+r)=(10)/(4+1)=2 A.

Terminal voltage: V=E-Ir=10-2×1=8 V.

Check: it equals the drop across the external resistor, IR=2×4=8 V.

Why the other options are wrong

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