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A student is provided with a variable voltage source V, a test resistor R_T = 10 Ω, two identical galvanometers G₁ and G₂ and two additional resistors, R₁ = 10 MΩ and R₂ = 0.001 Ω. For conducting an experiment to verify ohm's law, the most suitable circuit is

Asked in JEE Main 6th April 2nd Shift 2023 · Conversion to ammeter and voltmeter

• (1) Circuit (a)
• (2) Circuit (b)
• (3) Circuit (c)
• (4) Circuit (d)

Step-by-step solution

Why the other options are wrong

• (2) Put the large R₁ in parallel with G₁ (not a voltmeter) and R₂ in series with G₂ (not an ammeter).
• (3) Swapped the roles: G₁ with the tiny R₂ across R_T shorts it, and G₂ with 10 MΩ in series blocks the current.
• (4) Used R₂ as a shunt on the voltmeter side and R₁ as the ammeter shunt; both instruments are wrongly built.

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