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Asked in CBSE AIPMT 1999 · Doping and carrier concentration
Idea: p-type material is made by doping with a trivalent impurity such as boron, aluminium or indium.
A trivalent atom has one electron too few to complete the four covalent bonds around it, leaving a vacancy.
That vacancy behaves as a mobile positive charge, a hole.
Doping creates far more holes than the thermally generated electrons, so holes are the majority carriers.
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