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Asked in AIPMT 2010 Mains · Dia, para and ferromagnetism
Idea: what makes an atom diamagnetic is the arrangement of its electrons, not the strength of its response.
In a diamagnetic atom every electron is paired with another of opposite spin.
The orbital and spin moments of each pair cancel exactly.
So the atom has no permanent magnetic moment: it is zero.
Diamagnetism appears only when a field is applied, as an induced moment opposing that field.
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