A parallel plate capacitor filled with a medium of dielectric constant 10 is connected across a battery and charged. The dielectric slab is then replaced by another slab of dielectric constant 15. The energy of the capacitor will

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(1) increase by 50%. The battery stays connected, so the potential difference V across the plates is held fixed. At fixed V the stored energy is U=1/2CV² with C=(Kε₀A)/d, so U∝ K. (U')/U=(K')/K=(15)/(10)=1.5. The energy therefore increases by 50% (the battery supplies the extra energy as more charge flows onto the plates).

A parallel plate capacitor filled with a medium of dielectric constant 10 is connected across a battery and charged. The dielectric slab is then replaced by another slab of dielectric constant 15. The energy of the capacitor will

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