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When the angle of incidence becomes equal to the critical angle, which one of the following choices would be correct for the angle of refraction (r)?

Asked in GSEB Board July 2022 · Total internal reflection and optical fibres

Answer: (3) r=90°

Step-by-step solution

Idea: the critical angle is defined as the angle of incidence in the denser medium at which the refracted ray just grazes the boundary.

Snell's law at the boundary: n₁ sin i=n₂ sin r, with n₁>n₂, so r is always larger than i.

As i grows, r reaches its largest possible value 90° first, and the angle of incidence at which that happens is the critical angle: sin C=(n₂)/(n₁).

So when i=C, the angle of refraction is exactly r=90°.

Beyond that there is no refracted ray at all and the light is totally internally reflected.

Why the other options are wrong

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