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Asked in GSEB Board July 2016 · Magnetisation, intensity and susceptibility
Idea: magnetisation is the net magnetic dipole moment per unit volume of a material, M=(mₙₑₜ)/V.
Vacuum contains no atoms, so there are no permanent dipoles to align and none to induce: mₙₑₜ=0.
Hence M=0, and with χ=M/H the susceptibility of vacuum is zero as well.
This is consistent with B=μ₀(H+M) reducing to B=μ₀H in vacuum, which is how μ₀ is defined.
So the magnetisation of vacuum is zero.
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